  I'm exploring the story of the discovery of DNA. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins received the Nobel prize for it, though Rosalind Franklin ( urlLink a bio ) was also responsible for its discovery. She had died of ovarian cancer a few years before the prize was awarded and the prize is not awarded post-humously.
Apparently there is some controversy about the terms in which the story of DNA's discovery has been told. One account is "The Double Helix," responded to by Anne Sayre ( urlLink Rosalind Franklin and DNA -- admittedly an unoriginal title) that describes the sex discrimination Franklin faced in her lifetime. Interesting story. I want to learn more about it. I first started exploring it because I was interested in the role of experimentalists as agents of scientific change in the history and philosophy of science. 
